China’s recent introduction of the J-35A stealth fighter jet marks a significant development in the balance of military power in the Asia-Pacific region, particularly concerning U.S. air power over Taiwan. Announced through the Chinese Air Force’s official social media, the J-35A has officially entered service, coinciding with its display at the Xuhai Air Show, where it participated in practice flights and demonstrations. As China prepares to showcase this latest addition to its military fleet, questions arise about its capabilities, especially in comparison to the U.S. F-35.

The J-35A is a mid-sized fifth-generation fighter jet, drawing its design from the naval J-35, which is still in development. Both variants are rooted in the FC-31 project, originally intended for export. The J-35A is seen as China’s equivalent to the F-35, designed to serve as a more affordable asset alongside pricier aircraft. It features a twin-engine configuration, contrasting with the F-35’s single-engine design. While the J-35A is slightly longer and less bulky than the F-35, it is engineered for higher top speeds and potentially superior supersonic acceleration, albeit at the cost of fuel capacity and range.

In modern warfare, however, range and endurance often weigh more heavily than speed and maneuverability. The U.S. military typically requires aircraft with greater range due to the distances involved in potential conflict scenarios, especially near Taiwan. Conversely, the J-35A’s shorter range is tailored for operations closer to the Chinese mainland, which may limit its ability to threaten U.S. bases in Japan or the southern Philippines.

While the specifics of the J-35A’s sensor capabilities remain largely undisclosed, early indicators suggest similarities to the F-35, particularly in its radar technology. The J-35A features a large radar array and infrared optical sensors, akin to those used in the F-35. Notably, the positioning of its engines and internal weapon bays differs, with the J-35A designed for a streamlined weapon base that can accommodate various air-to-air missiles. It is expected to carry up to four PL-15 missiles, which are larger than their U.S. counterparts.

The role of the J-35A within the Chinese Air Force appears to be oriented more toward air-to-air combat, focusing on stealth and the ability to engage in high-stakes scenarios without external weapons. This strategic positioning suggests that the J-35A may serve as a supporting element to the more advanced J-20, which is expected to take on frontline roles.

Despite the J-35A’s entry into service, U.S. military analysts argue that its immediate impact on the balance of power is limited. Initial operational capabilities may take at least two years to achieve, as training and tactical development are integral to fully integrating the aircraft into the Chinese military framework. Current estimates indicate that China is producing J-20s at a rate of nearly 100 units per year, surpassing F-35 deliveries across all variants in the U.S. As the J-35A enters production, it could significantly bolster China’s stealth capabilities, potentially adding hundreds of new aircraft to its fleet annually.

The implications of this shift could be profound for U.S. air power in the region. While the U.S. currently maintains technological superiority, the increasing numbers of sophisticated Chinese fighters pose a real challenge. To counter this, the Pentagon will need to secure additional funding for the F-35 program, expedite the development of sixth-generation fighters, and strengthen alliances in the Pacific region.

In conclusion, while the J-35A’s entry into service is a noteworthy development, the long-term effects on U.S. air power remain uncertain. The U.S. must navigate this evolving landscape carefully, as maintaining technological superiority will be crucial in ensuring its advantage over a rapidly advancing Chinese military.